Smokeless and odorless oil burner



R. B. DEEMS S-MOKELESS AND ODORLESS OIL BURNER Filed D90. 4, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 attozmgi Jan. 20,1925; 1,523,474

7 R B.DEEMS 'SMOKELZESS AND ODCRLESS OIL BURNER Filed Dec. 4, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 :9 4'9 4 r {9 i E h g 2/ g Q Q3 III/IllII/m/I ),n a, a, d

Patented Jan. 2%, i925.

. lsll ll ll i' RALPH BERTRAIII DEEMS, F WISE-ETTA FALLS, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN D. COYLE, OF HICHITA FALLS, TEXAS.

SMOKELESS AND OIDGRLESS OIL BURNER.

Application filed December a, 1923.

To all 05710777, it may concern Be it known that RALPH BERTRAM Burns, a citizen of the United States, residing at Wichita Falls, in the county of ll ichita and State of Texas, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smokeless and Odorless Gil Burners, of which the following is a specification. V

The present invention relates to a burner using oil as fuel and the main object of the invention is to construct a smokeless and odorless burner which can be used not only for domestic heating plants but for portable as well as stationary boilers. This burner is so constructed that it creates its own pressure and intermingles the oil which is vaporized in the burner with a suiiicient amount of air and steam.

The burner may be built in different sizes so that, for instance, for small plants a single unit is installed while for larger furnaces or for boilers the burner is preferably made in sections. This facilitates the as sembling of the burner under the boiler as the complete burner extends the entire length of the boiler and in that case consists of end and intermediary sections properly united with steamtight joints.

In the accompanying drawings, one embodiment of the invention is illustrated, and- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the burner assembled;

Figure 2 is a section along line 22 of Figure 3 with some parts broken off Figure 3 is a vertical section along line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4: is a vertical section along line 44 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a plan View similar to Figure 2 of a burner intended for a small furnace, and

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic plan view of the burner as applied to a reclining boiler.

In the drawings, reference numeral 10 represents the base of the burner and reference numeral 11 the top or fuel mixing portion. As already described, the burner is preferably made in sections so that the base portion 10 consists of two semi-circular sections 12 and 13 which are united by bolts 1st connecting the radially projecting flanges 15 between which suitable packing 16 is inserted. As best illustrated in Figure 3 the base portion has an annular channel 17 Serial No. 678,529,

of triangular cross section with a perpendicular wall 18 at the inner periphery there'- of and a slanting wall 19 running downwardly and outwardly to unite with the bottom wall 20. riround the lower outer c0r nor of this channel is provided an upstanding flange 21 which ext-ends a considerable distance above the top of the channels 17. In the slanting wall 19 there is provided a series of fuel apertures 22 arranged in a circle around the burner as seen in Figures l and 2. These apertures run at right angles to the inclined wall 19 so that the axes of said apertures strike the upstanding flange 21 about midway between its top and bottom. Below this row of apertures and between the inclined wall 19 and the flange 21 is formed a pocket .23 which constitutes the ignition trough, see Figure 3.

The top or fuel mixing portion 11 is preferably constructed in the same manner as the base portion, that is to say, in two sections 24 and 25 which are bolted together as at 26 with their inwardly and outwardly directed radial flanges 27 between which a suitable packing 28 is inserted to make the joints steam tight. This top portion has two annular channels 29 and 30 arranged one above the other, of which the top channel 29 constitutes a steam chamber, while the lower channel 30 constitutes an oil vapor chamber. As illustrated in the drawings these chambers are of square cross section, but it is evident that any other cross section may be used depending on conditions. illid way between the two ends of the section 24: is provided a boss 31 and from this boss extends inwardly a transom 32 across the channel or steam chamber and a similar transom 33 extends across the lower channel or oil vapor chamber 30. These two transoms are offset with regard to each other, see Figure 4, so that, for instance, the tran soin is situated to the left of the central vertical plane running through the boss 31., while the transom in the oil vapor Cllfllll her 30 is positioned to the right of the same plane.

in the boss 3i and communicating with the end of the va 301 chamber 29 to the left of the transom 32 is provided a port 3% with which a water supply pipe is connected. in this port is inserted a needle valve 36 for regulating the inlet opening of said port into thesteam chamber 29. Similarly, a port 37 leads in through the boss 31 into the oil vapor chamber 30, but this port is situated to the right of the transom 33 at the adjacent end of the chamber. an oil pipe 38 is connected to the port 30 and also provided with a needle valve 39 for regu lating the amount of oil supplied through the port 37 to the oil vapor chamber 30.

Directly on. said central vertical plane running through the boss 31 is furnished a nozzle 40 extending inwardly in radial direction from the-steam chamber 29 and directly below this nozzle a second nozzle also pointing downwardly opens from the oil vapor chamber 30 in radial direction therefrom. The openings of said two nozzles are preferably offset in radial direction to each other so that the steam nozzle it) extends farther in t han'the oil vapor nozzle 41 as best seen in Figure 3. In axial alinenient with each of said nozzles are shown drilled and plugged openings 55 and 56 partly for facilitating the assemblingand partly for cleaning the nozzles.

Around these two nozzles is formed a mi-Xing chamber 42 on the inner side of. the

portion 11 of the burner is supported by means of legs 18 upon the flange 24!: of the base portion thereof. These legs are, as indicated in Figure 3, cast in one with the COIIGSPOIICllHg11131391 sections 2% and 25 and have fingers 4.9 engaging with the flange 21.

It is evident that in some cases it might be preferable to make these legs separate castings and secure them in suitable manner both to the top and bottom portions of the burner. i

In Figure 5 is shown a sin'iplitied form of the burner which is preferably made for small heating plants in which the top portion 50 and the base portion 51 together with the spacing legs are all cast in one, otherwise the construction is similar to that already described.

.Vhen the device is to be used for large boilers whether stationary or portable the burner must naturally have-a length corre sponding to that of the boiler so that all parts thereof will be heated sin'iultaneously. In that case the sections 12 and 24. will. be placed under the forward end of the boiler nearest the door and the sections 13 and 25 placed at the other end thereof. Between :will collect.

and the semi-circular sections 13 and 25 at r the opposite end representing the length of the boiler while the straight tubular sections 52 each provided with a steam chamber and a fuel vapor chamber are inserted between the flanges of the end sections and firmly united therewith To start the burner, the needle valve" 39 is first ope-nedto admit oil to the chamber 80. As the port- 37 of the needle valve 39 is situated atthe opposite end of the chamber to the nozzle 41; the oil will have to pass all around the chamber until it reaches-the nozzle 4:1 when it will run through the same and down the pipes and ii-ii and through the apertures 22 into the pocket 23 where a certain amount thereof This oil is' then ignited in the ordinary manner and after having burned for a short while will-start to vaporize the oil in the channel 17 first and later the oil in the chamber 30. As soon as the upper sections have: been sufficiently heated,- the needle valve .1 0 is also-opened admitting water which will circulate from one end to the other of the chamber 29. It should here be noted that on account ofthe offset of toe t 'ansonis 32 and and the positioning of the needle valvesand ports at the opposite ends of the steam and fuel vapor chambers, the steam will circulate in clocl wise direction as indicated by arrows X in the different views, while the oil vapors will circulate in the-opposite or counter-clockwise direct-ion as indicated by arrows Y. The water will then be vaporized so that the steam jet is driven downwardly from the nozzle 4:6 meeting an oil vapor jet fromthe chamber 30 QjQQtBClilll'Oilgl'l the nozzle %1 in the mixing chamber 42 and,v on their way downwards through thepipes i3 and 14. these jets will closely intermingle and pass out through. the apertures 22 where the fuel will be iinn'iediately ignited bythe flames in the combustion chamber 1 By properly adjusting the two needle valves 36 and 39. the proper fuel mixture is obtained and it is evidentthat after the oilt-hat first collected in the pocket has been consun'ied no smoke whatsoever will be formed as the combustion is complete; nor will there be any odors. Vi hen the burner -has -been properly adjusted and is running normallv, pressure is automatically created in the steam and oil chambersto feed theburner in the proper manner. 1

By directingnthe fuel jets against] the heated flange 21 in theignitiontrough-23 .a

greatly increased vaporization and fine dis-1 tribution of the fuel is maintained. This flange also tends to direct the resulting intensive heat against the upper sections 2% and 25,

In manufacturing the burner for the market due consideration must naturally be paid to its installation in different kinds of plants and the burner will as a consequence be built in different sizes and made in single units or built up of several different sections and the applicant reserves the right of making any modifications for this purpose within the scope of the claims, such modifications might, for instance, consist in making the nozzles 40 and 4-1 separate instead of casting them integral with the upper sections; in some instances it might also be advisable to place the annular chambers 29 and 30 side by side instead of one above the other.

The relative proportions are about what has been shown in the drawings so that, for instance, the sectional area of the parts 4:3 and L4 is about the sectional area of each of the chambers 29 and and also the same as the sectional area of the channel 17. In this manner the forcing out of the fuel through the apertures 22 will be greatly increased and the pressure in the mixing chamber 42 which is obtained by the action of the burner itself will always be sufficient to drive the fuel into the ignition trough formed by the pocket 23, where the fuel mixture is brought into an exceedingly fine state of vaporization by being thrown violently against the heated flange or baffle 21.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a liquid fuel burner, upper and lower members one superimposed with relation to the other and each provided with channels; one of the channels in the upper member constituting a steam chamber and an adjacent channel therein constituting a liquid fuel vapor chamber, the opposite ends of said chambers having suitable valved connection with water and fuel supplies respectively and the other ends of the chambers both opening into a mixing chamber formed in the upper member; one of the channels in the said lower member constituting a distrilmting chamber and the adjacent channel therein an ignition trough and suitable conduits connecting said mixing chamber with said distributing chamber, apertures being provided for passing fuel mixture from said distributing chamber to saidignition trough.

2. In a liquid fuel burner, upper and lower annular members one superimposed with relation to the other and each provided with annular channels; one of the channels able valved connection with water and fuel supplies respectively and the other ends of the chambers both opening into a mixing chamber formed in the upper member; one of the channels in the said lower member constituting a distributing chamber and the adjacent channel therein an ignition trough and suitable conduits connecting said mixing chamber with said distributing chamber. apertures being provided for passing fuel mixture from said distributing chamber to said ignition trough.

3 In a liquid fuel burner, upper and lower annular members one superimposed with relation to the other and each provided with annular channels; one of the channels in the upper member constituting a steam chamber and an adjacent channel therein constituting a liquid fuel vapor chamber, the opposite ends of said chambers having suitable valved connection with water and fuel supplies respectively and the other ends of the chambers both opening into a mixing chamber formed in the upper member; one of the channels in the said lower member constituting a distributing chamber and the adjacent channel therein an ignition trough and suitable conduits connecting said mixing chamber with said distributing chamber, apertures being provided for passing fuel mixture from said distributing chamber to said ignition trough; said ignition trough surrounding said distributing chamber and having an outer annular flange against which the fuel mixture is directed by said apertures.

4. In a liquid fuel burner, upper and lower annular members one superimposed with relation to the other and each provided with annular channels, each of said members being made in sections; one of the channels in the upper member constituting a steam chamber and an adjacent channel therein constituting a liquid fuel vapor chamber, the opposite ends of said chambers having suitable valved connection with water and fuel supplies respectively and the other ends of the chambers both opening into a mixing chamber formed in the upper member; one of the channels in the said lower member constituting a distributing chamber and the adjacent channel therein an ignition trough and suitable conduits connecting said mixing chamber with said distributing chamber, apertures being provided for passing fuel mixture from said distributing chamber to said ignition trough.

5. In a liquid fuel burner, upper and lower annular members one superimposed with relation to the other and each provided with annular channels, each of said members being made in sections; One of the channels in the upper member constituting a steam chamber and an adjacent channel therein constituting a liquid fuel vapor other ends of the chambers both opening into amixing chamber termed in'the upper member; one of the channels in the said lower member constituting a distributing chamber and the adjacent channel therein an ignition trough and suitable conduits connecting said mixing chamber with said distributing chamber, apertures being provided for passing fuel mixture t'r'om said distributing chamber to said ignition trough; said ignition trough surrounding said distributing chamber and having an outer aunular flange against which the fuel mixture is directed by said apertures.

'6. In a liquid fuel burner, upper and lower annular members one superimposed With relation to the other and each provided with annular channels, each of said members being made in sections; one of the channels in the upper member constituting a steam chamber and an adjacent channel therein constituting a liquid fuel vapor chamber v the opposite ends of said chambers having suitable valved connection with water and fuel supplies respectively and the other ends of the chambers both opening into a mixing; chamber formed in the upper member; one of the channels in said lower member constituting a distributing chamber and the adjacent channel therein an ignition trough and suitable conduits connectingsaid mixing chamber With-said distributing chamber, apertures being provided for passing fuel mixture from said distributing chamber to said ignition trough; said ignition trough surrounding said distributing chamber and having an outer annular flange against Which the fuel mixture is directed by said apertures; said members being spaced apart and uprights adapted to support the upper member on the lower member.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

RALPH BER-TEAM nnnns, 11. s] r 

